Weighing a Supermassive Black Hole

Astronomers seriously in measuring the mass of supermassive black holes weighing millions or billions of times more than the sun, but the output is not as easy as it sounds heavy. The beast residing in the Milky Way's gravity incredible speed drives round Sgr A * star took; However, astronomers had to wait until the 17-year wait for the star to complete one orbit. The Johannes Kepler observationally complex effort Milky mass of the black hole is very accurate, worth 4.1 million Sons, the first to the 17th century, more calculations needed than deduced.

Outside the Milky Way, so can not directly measure the mass, astronomers ionized gas, megamasers, stars or constellations rather than trust the following motion. Now astronomers learned 'Toolkit for another yardstick add: cold molecular gas.
Of- concept saākaṣaiyaka- observation, Kyoko Onishi (Advanced Graduate Studies University, Japan, and the National Astronomical Observatory of Japan), 440 light-years away in the Atacama large millimeter to monitor the movements of the Cold gas / submillimeter array (LLRC) using the central black hole spiral galaxy NGC 1097 was.

When guests come with only the educated observations conducted in 2012, only 16 antennas used, so near the main image of the galaxy, only down 1.3 Arcsecond resolve. (Ie millimeter-wavelength astronomy to set the record remarkable, but now all the guests with 66 antennas, educated can do better than that.)
But one image sharpness is not everything - The little one finds more than once. Molecules cyanide (HCN) and formylium (HCO +) tuning learned to detect, Onishi and colleagues then rapidly moving gas, slow-moving images first gas passed through the space velocity. Because 140 million times the mass of the sun: theoretical models and these pills are usually calculated in comparison to the team's initial public NGC 1097

2,600 and 3,300 light-years from the black hole, and this is indeed in order, like the false image features a beautiful gas ring - a massive, this black hole only affects the molecular gas near the center of a spiral galaxy 'T directly feel its heavy lock.
But somehow, the black hole seems to extend beyond its grasp branches. NGC 1097 galaxy, the black hole and the stars grew still larger than its population, and suggests that the evolution of the so-called M-sigma together following another galaxy.
In recent years, astronomers have discovered that the football-shaped elliptical galaxies smooth than working for change in this evolutionary spirals. NGC 1097 observations fit well with what is expected of spiral galaxies, and ellipticals do not fit with the predictions. "We are equal, this incredibly massive objects, galaxies, and better something exciting to think that this same technology can be applied to understand the impact of their host galaxies," Kartik Sheth (NRAO) has issued a media statement said.